Objective To explore the impact of Lieberman’s mental rehabilitation on psychotic symptoms and social function of the patients with schizophrenia. Methods Forty patients with chronic schizophrenia admitted to our hospital were selected and divided into observation group (45 cases) and control group (45 cases). The mental symptoms, social functions and quality of life scores of the two groups were compared before and after intervention. Results After Liberal psychiatric rehabilitation, the scores of positive symptoms, negative symptoms and psychopathology, and the total score of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and the total score of the Social Disability Screening Scale (SDSS) of the patients decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The scores of psychosocial, energy/dynamics, and symptoms/side effects of the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) were all significantly lowered, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusions Lieberman rehabilitation training can effectively improve the patients’ psychiatric symptoms and social functions, which helps to improve the quality of life of the patients with schizophrenia and is worthy of clinical promotion.