Objective To investigate the adaptability of Human astrovirus serotype 1 (HAstV-1) wild strain in Caco-2 cells and the biological characteristics of adapted strain. Methods All the collected acute diarrhea stool samples were screened for HAstV by ELISA and RT-PCR. A HAstV-1 positive stool sample was propagated in Caco-2 cells and the culture condition was optimized. The adapted strain was subcultured in Caco-2 cells for 10 passages, then virus proliferation was determined by qRT-PCR and immumofluorescence method, virus titer was detected by fluorescent focus assay (FFA), and specific gene stability was determined by RT-PCR. Results The positive stool sample called JZ-10 strain belonged to HAstV-1d type. The adapted strain had no obvious cytopathic effect (CPE) on Caco-2 cells during propagation. The virus of passage 10 was positive for antigenicity and virus gene could stablely proliferate. JZ-10 strain showed good adaptability in Caco-2 cells, while the titer of the virus of the 10th passage was 6.97 log FFU/ml and the virus gene copies reached 2.7×107. The virus gene sequence had no mutation, indicating a high genetic stability. Conclusions A Caco-2 cells-adapted Human astrovirus JZ-10 strain has been obtained. It shows the primary biological characteristics of the original strain and good antigenicity. These findings lay a material foundation for the basic researches on Human astrovirus and the development of vaccine.