Objective To induce differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth into vascular endothelial cell. Methods Deciduous teeth from healthy children were collected in our hospital. Human exfoliated deciduous teeth were primarily isolated within 4 hours. The stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth were purified by magnetic cell sorting and were induced to vascular endothelial cells. Determination of the differentiated vascular cells were identified by morphology, angiogenic study and immunophenotype. Results Vascular endothelial cells showed typical cell morphological character. The angiogenic research showed that vascular endothelial cells could present obvious vessel-like structure. The identification of immunophenotype showed positive surface molecules of vascular endothelial cells. Conclusions The stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth can be differentiated into vascular endothelial cells.