Objective To explore the treatment of proximal ureteral calculi, and to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of two different ureteral occlusion devices INNOVEX TMIVX-SC10 and N-Trap (Cook urological) in the ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy. Methods A total of 223 patients with proximal ureteric stones were prospectively divided into three groups in this study. In the group A (54 patients), the patients underwent holmium laser lithotripsy without any ureteral occlusive device. In the group B (79 cases), the INNOVEX TMIVX-SC10 ureteral occlusive device was used. And in the group C (90 cases), the N-Trap was used. One-time successful rate of lithotripsy, stone-free rate, operation time and occurrence of surgical complications were compared among the three groups. Results A total of 187 patients had lithotripsy completed successfully; among which 37 patients (68.5%) were in the group A, 65 patients (82.2%) in the group B and 85 patients (94.4%) in the group C. It was significantlydifferent from each other (P ＜ 0.05). The stone-free rate was 72.9%, 86.1% and 94.1% in the group A, B and C, respectively. The stone-free rate of the group A was significantly lower than those of the groups B and C (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in severe complications among the groups. Conclusions The ureteroscopy without assistance of any ureteral occlusive device is not an optimal method for proximal ureteral calculi. Both ureteral occlusion devices INNOVEX TMIVX-SC10 and N-Trap (Cook urological) are valuable during ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy; however, the N-trap is more effective in preventing proximal stone migration and raising subsequent stone-free rate.