Inflammasome has been the focus of atherosclerosis (AS) research, and previous studies have been centered on the role of NLRP3. In recent years, AIM2, a cytoplasmic receptor involved in innate immunity, has come into view. It can recognize dsDNA and induce pyroptosis. It is widely expressed in smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and macrophages, and is involved in the occurrence and development of AS in multiple aspects. The role of AIM2 inflammasome in AS remains unclear, and its pathophysiological mechanism in AS needs to be further explored. In this review, the structure, biological characteristics and regulatory factors of AIM2 inflammasome are summarized, and the research progress of AIM2 inflammasome in the field of AS is discussed, aiming to provide novel insights for the prevention and treatment of AS by targeting AIM2 inflammasome.