Objective To explore the prosthetic effect and dimensional accuracy of multi-teeth implant procedures in the posterior mandibular region assisted by 3D printed digital dental implant guide plate.Methods The 86 patients with dentition defects undergoing multi-teeth implant procedures in the posterior mandibular region (a total of 190 teeth were implanted) in Chifeng Municipal Hospital from May 2019 to June 2021 were selected and divided into the study group and the control group randomly, with 43 cases in each group. The procedures in the control group and the study group were assisted by the traditional dental implant guide plate and the 3D printed digital dental implant guide plate, respectively. The deviation of implant placement, the periodontal condition, the success rate of implant placement, postoperative complications and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results The implant deviations of dental neck, root apex, depth and angle in the axial and oblique planes in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI) and probing depth (PD) at 12 months after implant placement in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the bone resorption at 12 months after implant placement between the two groups (P > 0.05). The success rates of implant placement were not different between the two groups at 3 and 6 months after the implant placement (P > 0.05), while the success rate of implant placement was higher in the study group at 12 months after the implant placement compared with the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the overall incidence of postoperative complications or patient satisfaction between the two groups (P > 0.05).Conclusions The multi-teeth implant procedures in the posterior mandibular region assisted by 3D printed digital dental implant guide plate could improve the dimensional accuracy and the periodontal conditions of the dental implants.