Fracture is a common large organ injury in humans, it takes several months or more time to complete healing from the onset to the completion. If the fracture is more severe, it can occur with delayed healing or even non-healing such as comminuted fractures, fracture osteonecrosis. The fracture healing process is influenced by a variety of factors. During the fracture healing process, multiple signaling pathways, cells and cellular active substances play an important role in the healing process. Recent studies have revealed that nuclear factor-κB regulates a variety of cellular metabolism and affects several aspects of fracture healing process, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and secretion of active substances. This paper reviews the research progress of nuclear factor-κB acting on cells affecting fracture healing in the process of fracture healing from the cellular perspective respectively, and provides new ideas for the treatment of bone healing.