Objective To retrospectively analyse the risk factors for intrapartum fever in women undergoing epidural labor analgesia and the effect of intrapartum fever on contractions.Methods A total of 285 primiparas who visited The Fourth Hospital of Jiangsu University for painless labor from January 2018 to December 2018 were assigned into the fever group (157 cases) and control group（without intrapartum fever, 128 cases). General clinical data from both groups and related indicators during labor were retrospectively reviewed, including the occurrence of premature and artificial rupture of membranes, labor time, volume of postpartum hemorrhage, dosage of oxytocin, frequency of cervical examination, use of forceps, concentration of local anesthetic for analgesia, cervix dilated by 2 cm (T₁), 4 cm (T₂), and dilated fully (T₃), intrapartum fever, and conversion to cesarean section. All the parturients were also divided into high concentration (0.15% ropivacaine) group and low concentration (0.075% ropivacaine) group according to the local anesthetic concentrations to analyze the risk factors for interpartum fever in women undergoing epidural analgesia and the effect of interpartum fever on maternal contractions.Results Compared with the control group, the rate of conversion to cesarean section in the fever group was significantly increased (P < 0.05), duration of contractions with at T₂ and T₃ were shortened (P < 0.05), and the intervals were prolonged (P < 0.05). The proportion of the use of high-concentration ropivacaine during labor analgesia in fever group was higher than that of the control (P < 0.05). After the regrouping, compared with the low-concentration group, the fever rate of high-concentration group increased significantly, and the duration of contractions at T₂ and T₃ was shortened (P < 0.05) while the interval between contractions was prolonged (P < 0.05). Under the same epidural local anesthetic concentration, there was no difference in the duration and interval of contractions at T₂ and T₃ between both groups (P > 0.05). In correlation analysis, the concentration of local anesthetic [R = 0.224, (95% CI: 0.130, 0.384)] appeared to be an independent risk factor for epidural analgesia and maternal fever (P < 0.05).Conclusion Interpartum fever dose not lead to weakened maternal contractions. High-concentration epidural local anesthetic is an independent risk factor for interpartum fever during labor analgesia, which inhibit contractions.